In the early 1800s the French took Algeria from the Turks.  They took away property from the Muslims (les musulmans) and gave it to the new colonists from France.  They made the farmers grow products that people in France wanted such as grapes for wine as well as citrus fruit.  The French developed a modern economy with industries, banks, schools, shops and other services, all of which fueled their passionate belief in a French Algeria (l'Algérie française).  The Muslims, although officially French subjects (les sujets), were not considered to be citizens of France (les citoyens), had very few rights and were subjected to many restrictions.  In 1954 there was a revolution and France was forced to give Algeria its independence.

Today, Algeria is a wonderful mix of modern technology and ancient ways.  The capital, Algiers (Alger), is a perfect example of this.  The lower part of the city, built by the French, is a modern place with wide boulevards, theaters, cathedrals and universities.  The old city, known as the Casbah, was built in the upper half.  Narrow, twisting streets and a sixteenth-century fortress built by the Turks (les Turcs) are just some of its many attractions.  It is a country of mystery, excitement, wonder and wealth.